They say its because of the wavelength or because of the reflectivity, but that doesnt make much sense. You can cut through thicker metals and even PCB copper by putting a piece of kapton tape over the surface. Since most types of glass are clear, they absorb little energy from the given range. The near-infrared wavelengths of dental diode lasers cannot photothermally ablate soft tissue, except for high-melanin-content epithelium. If thats your situation, then we would recommend engraving tempered glass or acrylic. Don't get frustrated halfway. When diode lasers are used, they do not cut optically. We have discussed the required materials and the step-by-step procedure. The properties of this material make the process straightforward, and it reduces the trial and error. Secondly, dont forget to wear safety goggles. Maybe if you have some welder friends, maybe they can hook up a bottle of their metal map gas to see if that will keep it from burning. One of the problems in laser cutting of glass with controlled fracture technique is the cut deviation at the leading and the trailing edges of the glass sheet. 2022 FPV Contest: Congratulations To The Winners! Option 1 - You can go to an art supplies store and buy tempera paint at great expense or go to the supermarket or discount store and get acrylic paint, sometimes referred to as school paint or poster paint. When each of the tests finished, I could wash off the paint under running water to see exactly how the image looked. Ill be honest, after the time it took to scrape off one side, I didnt bother trying to scrape all of that off. A marking solution (e.g. A study is conducted here to analyse the cut deviation problem of glass by examining the stress fields during diode laser cutting of soda-lime glass sheets. (help the channel out by picking something up for yourself! Diode lasers are good for all types of cutting of soft materials including wood, plywood, dark acrylic, leather, felt, fabric, cardboard, hardboard, etc. I created Maker Industry to share my passion for maker tools and help others learn about 3D printing, CNC systems, laser cutting and more. Full instructions using Inkscape and plugins. Risers are needed to increase the height of xTool D1 Pro to fit different engraving or etching scenarios. Learn how your comment data is processed. I like the idea. But make sure to make the coating as uniform as possible; there shouldnt be any area left uncovered. Optical microscope photographs of the breaking surface are obtained to examine the surface quality and cut path deviation while the latter is explained from the results of the stress fields which are obtained from a finite element simulation. Diode lasers have become more and more popular among makers and hobbyists. Together they form a unique fingerprint. 137.184.183.242 When the height is increased, there is ample space for the rotary attachment and the glass. Endurance lasers LLC is a US-based company that makes diode laser heads for 3D printers / CNC machines and XY plotters. It would be interesting to try cutting titanium foil and especially with air assist, because titanium has a low heat conductivity and also burns away easily so at the right speed and with air or oxygen I think it might work. In business news, the latest distribution partner for Meltios wire laser CEAD, a Dutch original equipment manufacturer dedicated to large-format 3D printers, has unveiled what it claims to be the worlds largest robotic arm-based 3D printer. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Getting started with Endurance diode lasers - focusing, settings, parameters, misc, How to connect the laser to 3D printers and CNC machines, How to connect the laser to your CNC machine or 3D printer. Endurance 10w lasers are work horses: Over 13 hrs. Next is cutting precision. The best laser head for your 3D printer / CNC machine / engraving frame. Brilliant job, guys! I can figure inches, feet and miles approximately, but 8 thousands of an inch means nothing to me. Well, it does depent on the alloy. The window of the laser cutter is made of Polycarbonate because polycarbonate strongly absorbs infrared radiation! Cut up to 8 mm (1/4) of wood, plywood, laser ply, acrylic. The glass might appear clean, but there could be fingerprints or small dust particles that can affect the engraving. The laser is a 10W diode laser that actually combines 2 beams grouped into one powerful thin spot. Thank you for writing and sharing this article it is an honor. 1250 mm/min at 7% power for the engraving on Greek walnut wood veneer. Endurance customers make awesome things with diode lasers and in this post we will show you the top 10 best items that were made by Endurance Lasers customers. Either way it would be useful. It is in sync with the earlier assessment by the Honorary ALSC member Gordon Christensen, DDS, in his interview by Howard Farran, DDS, of DentalTown (see video clip below). Option 1 - Once dry, using your brush or sponge apply an even coat of acrylic paint all over one side of your piece of glass. Up to 20% off at checkout on the YoraHome Store. The Surprisingly Simple Way To Steal Cryptocurrency, Retro Gadgets: Tired Of The Beatles On 8 Track? Just a random thought instead of trying to cut room-temperature metal, why not heat the metal piece to slightly less than the melting (or deforming) point, and use the laser to add enough energy to cut. Multiple passes wont help much if the laser doesnt burn trough in the first place because youll end up heating the surrounding material too much. If you need to make several passes, the cut dimensions suffer. We have seen CO2 lasers engraving and etching glass, and it is pretty easy to do with it. The material should be clean from dust and residues in order for the tape to stick well. Your typical hobby laser cutter won't likely be equipped to cutting glass. CNC Plasma vs Waterjet: How do these cutting machines match up? Laser beam focusing. We cut up to 3/4" thick metal, with supported part sizes up 2. Wearing goggles that block out the wavelength youre using is crucial. But if you apply tempera paint or a cold galvanizing compound on the surface, it is possible to engrave the glass using a diode laser engraver machine. Return. Thats roughly speaking as focusable as a co2. That prevents UV and infrared wavelengths from reaching your eyes. Follow the steps below carefully to get amazing results. After setting up xTool D1 Pro, you are ready to engrave the glass. Your name Your email*. It absorbs a lot of the CO2 light, and its safe enough to take a quick look. With the choice of machines available from YoraHome, you are sure to find the one that meets your requirements and budget. by LAHobbyGuy Thu Jul 01, 2021 12:49 am, Post Wine glass names for a friends pre-wedding Hens Party (as we call it in Australia). At 3D-Micromac we use laser beam sources that are 24/7 production qualified. Instead, the near-infrared diode laser beam heats the charred distal end of its fiber optic glass tip to 500-900 degrees Celsius. Instead, the glass tip of the diode fiber is charred and heats up to between 500C to 900C via heating of the char by the diode laser light. A mix of two materials, thin carbon fiber mat can be cut with some fraying, but not when coated. That is why older CO2 lasers used to be the gold standard for metal cutting. As given in the name, continuous-wave lasers deliver an unobstructed flow of energy to cut. A few trials are needed before getting the perfect result. I been doing sticky back cutting! Why xTool is a better option for your first laser machine. Option 2 Repeat the above process with Plasticote paint. However, YouTuber [Chad] decided to respond to some comments about the possibility of cutting metal sheets using a high-power diode laser, with a simple experiment to actually determine what the limits actually are. by LAHobbyGuy Sun Sep 05, 2021 5:59 pm, Post Adjust the placement of the module. Contact info@3dprint.com. It can be applied evenly and offer excellent results. The .08 x .08 mm laser spot ensures great accuracy and detailed engraving on all your projects. One of the problems in laser cutting of glass with controlled fracture technique is the cut deviation at the leading and the trailing edges of the glass sheet. You might have got safety glasses with xTool D1, so you can put them on. The glass gets heated until the material literally evaporates, but this might cause deformation with some types of glass. How is laser engraving made on glass? The ability to cut or engrave almost any material is now available if you have a 3D printer or a CNC machine. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Got a question? Speed 100 mm/min, Power 100 - Constant Power mode, 9-14 passes. For the diode lasers, their varying wavelengths will result in different levels of water absorption. 20 hours of a total expected of 30. Now, adjust the focus of the laser. If you purchase using a shopping link, we may earn a commission. You do have to pay attention to the details though. ABS does not cut well in a laser cutter. After applying the coat, let the glass dry. You can follow the same method on any type of glass or just a plain glass sheet. Please join our Facebook group to get inspired! Then I release parts by cutting tabs used to hold parts in place while cutting. As the thickness goes up, the edge burning effect becomes more noticeable. Glass laser engraving area: 200 mm x 300 mm. This reduces the heat applied to the glass and ultimately leads to a better result. After applying the coat, let the glass dry. CO2 . @article{382f3ba681c34ed5bfa4aa008f8066f8. For non-USA readers, One to eight-thousandths of an inch => 25 to 200 m. Warranty. Other common glass types are:if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'makerindustry_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_4',136,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-makerindustry_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); Also, there are special types of glass which undergo heating and cooling to make them safer. Polycarbonate is a poor choice for laser cutting. A well-focused laser, as in every laser project, will give better results. How to Laser Engrave on Glass with xTool D1 Pro, Things You Need for Glass Engraving with xTool D1 Pro, Safety Measurements for Glass Laser Engraving, 5 Steps to Engrave Glass Using xTool D1 Pro, Obviously, we need a diode laser machine, and in our case, we are using, 1) Tempera Paint or Cold Galvanizing Compound, Drinking glasses are cylindrical, and for, xTool has solved this issue of rotary attachment by introducing the worlds first, 4-in-1 Rotary Attachment for Laser Engravers. Learn More. (220) $10.00. Copper must be evaporised in very short high energy pulses, nanoseconds @ kilowatts. Iron and steel are terrible at conducting heat, thats why you can hold a piece of steel in your bare hand when the other end is literally white hot (blacksmithing is wild). Wouldnt it be nice to have such customized glasses at your home to make the time more enjoyable? Compatible 3D printers and CNC machines - compatibility list, Guide book for laser cutting / engraving parameters. So, this write-up takes an in-depth look at all the requirements to slice through glass like its butter. Step 3: Set up the Power and Speed Setting on the Software. A study is conducted here to analyse the cut deviation problem of glass by examining the stress fields during diode laser cutting of soda-lime glass sheets. Effect of thermal stresses on chip-free diode laser cutting of glass. It is time to use the tempera paint or cold galvanizing compound. Your arms and legs should be away from the laser beam as well. ): https://build-dad-build.creator-spring.comDISCORD: https://discord.gg/Aa749wsPATREON: https://www.patreon.com/BuildDadBuildDISCLAIMER:Working with Fire, lasers, Electricity and Power Tools is extremely dangerous. Dont ever cut this material as it will ruin the optics, causes the metal of the machine to corrode as chlorine is released and ruins the motion control system. If you can punch a hole you can burn trough it with additional air (or oxigen). From what Ive read fiber lasers are usually suggested for metal cutting over these cheaper/lower power diode lasers. Several passes may cause thermal expansion and cracks or even break the glass as it cools down. And the same goes for any other foreign object or material.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'makerindustry_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_7',139,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-makerindustry_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); Its also advisable to wear protective gloves to avoid cuts and burns. You need to set it up like your regular engraving task. A 3D. First, yo would need a lot of heating. and Lin Li and Shakeel Safdar". It is an ideal machine for hobbyists, DIY lovers, professionals, and artists to express their creativity. Optical microscope photographs of the breaking surface are obtained to examine the surface quality and cut path deviation while the latter is explained from the results of the stress fields . Free diode lasers from Endurance for educators. We're usually talking about CO2 and diode-based . Will see what that does to prevent evaporation and warping. Ask Hackaday: Whats Your Worst Repair Win? How to Use a Laser to Cut Glass | All3DP Source: Jayco Mfg This article is free for you and free from outside influence. Dental diodes do not cut the tissue with photons, but with hot charred glass! The difference in power is on the order of a magnitude between the two. The Renaissance of Science-based Laser Surgery, Dentistry and Safety Education, Soft-Tissue Cutting with Hot Glass Tip D, Breathe and Thrive Symposium Testimonials, Veterinary Laser Surgery Symposium Testimonials, https://www.americanlaserstudyclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/christensen-on-diodes.mp4, Practical Laser Applications in General Practice, Hot Glass Tip Diode Frenectomies ARE NOT Laser Frenectomies, SuperPulse 10,600 nm CO2 Laser Revision of Lingual Frenum Previously Released with a Diode Hot Glass Tip, Laser-Tissue Interaction Short Video Review Soft-Tissue Laser Education, Drs. Internal Heating Element Makes These PCBs Self-Soldering, The First Afghan Sports Car Has An Engine You Shouldnt Mock, 3D Printing Giant LEGO-Like Blocks To Build Big Toys, Make Your Own Pot And Encoder Knobs, Without Reinventing Them. Please note I put 4 small pieces of 2 mm birch under the edges of the glass to create a small gap. One of the problems in laser cutting of glass with controlled fracture technique is the cut deviation at the leading and the trailing edges of the glass sheet. Apply alcohol on a piece of cloth and clean the glasses. I've tried a few diode lasers. That said, glass with some natural pigment might be cut with a visible-spectrum wavelength, and there are other exceptions.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'makerindustry_com-banner-1','ezslot_1',135,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-makerindustry_com-banner-1-0'); For example, if the laser is so powerful to ionize the air, a high-focus beam can overheat the air around the glass and cause it to crack. Fiber lasers wave length of 1m has an absorbtion rate of around 5% in Aluminium and over 30% in Steel. A Nd:YAG emission wavelength is 1064 nm, which is smack in the middle of the infrared spectrum. Theyd have to all be ceramics which are brittle and expensive. The answer to this question wouldnt be complete unless you consider the laser wavelength. All you need to know how to make the best laser beam focus! thespeakgeek wrote a comment on 3D PRINTED PORTABLE WIND TURBINE. You can not only make your own collection but can make them for others and turn engraved glasses into a business. But if you apply tempera paint or a cold galvanizing compound on the surface, it is possible to engrave the glass using a diode laser engraver machine. US machinists often work in their own decimal system, where everything is measured in thousandths of an inch. Obviously, weve seen that diode lasers can have an impact on metals, simplysmearing a little mustard on the workpieceseems to make marking a snap. Engraving onto clear plexiglass with Endurance 10W invincible laser. The Secret to Etching Pint Glasses with a Diode Laser. It would also oxydize considerably. If you run a small studio or workshop, its best to go for soda-lime float glass. N2 - In laser cleaving of brittle materials using controlled fracture technique, thermal stresses are used to induce a crack and the material is separated along the cutting path by extending this crack. Drinking glasses are cylindrical, and for engraving cylindrical objects, you need a rotary attachment. 10 Watt (10000 mw) "DeLux" Buy now! 20w diode lasers are never 20w, but there ARE higher power lasers. On the software, you can adjust the size of the image according to the measurements of the object. Obviously, we need a diode laser machine, and in our case, we are using xTool D1 Pro 10 Watt version. Each printer comes with 3x Free bonus items, 1x Free Yora Filament Dryer For 1x 3D Printer + 5x PLA Filaments or 10x PLA Filaments, #1: 1x Free Yora 3018 Essential Bits For 1x Yora 3018 + 1x Yora 6550, #2: 1x Free Yora Rotate Module For 1x Yora 6550 + 1x Yora Draw, #3: 1x Free Yora Filament Dryer For 1x Yora 6550 + 1x 3D Printer, #4: 1x Free Yora TLC Rotary For 1x Yora 3018 + 1x Yora 6550 + 1x Yora Draw, #5: 1x Free Yora 6550 Z-Axis, Drag Chain, Air Assist and 3D Led Lamp For 1x Yora 3018 + 1x Yora 6550 + 1x Yora 3D Printer. Performed with a 10W delux Endurance Laser. You can definitely see the effect of excess heat in the workpiece, resulting in some discoloration and noticeable warping, but those issues can be mitigated. (which prevented warping during the cutting process.). All the endurance lasers can cut plywood, fabric, leather, and acrylic. And friends.. stephenmanderson94 liked Gnat-Stats Tiny OLED PC Performance Monitor. People have even told me (hobby) CO2 lasers arent powerful enough to cut steel (not even at 180 watt). OMTech 40 W - Most Affordable Glass Laser Engraving Machine. Surely the melting point of glass is way higher than what this laser can achieve. To begin with, you cant cut glass with a wavelength within the visible spectrum. 3DPOD Episode 137: From RepRap to Government Supplier, MatterHackers CEO Lars Brubaker, US Navy Installs Meltio Hybrid Metal 3D Printer to Reduce Repair Times, Xeroxs Equipment Financing Arm Announces Partnership with Velo3D, Opportunities in Additive Manufacturing Software Markets 2023, Post-Processing for Additive Manufacturing: Market Analysis and Forecast, Metal Parts Produced 2022: Global Market Data & Forecast, Dig Deeper, Search Our Message Board 3dprintboard.com, Senior Business Development Manager: Medical Devices, VP Sales and Marketing: Aerospace & Defense. My YouTube Channel, The Louisiana Hobby Guy. Choose the Coated Metal material in the settings. When the laser hits the glass, the beams reflect and refract in various directions. A CO2 laser cant cut it, and the resulting burned mess creates toxic fumes. This genius trick is guaranteed to create a smoother result as well since the engraving will not be black. A regular cylindrical drinking glass is easy to engrave as it can be used on any type of rotary attachment. At 36 meters long and Were starting with research in 3D Printing News Briefs, as Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University researchers were awarded a grant from the National Science Foundation to enable smart 3D manufacturing, and a Upload your 3D Models and get them printed quickly and efficiently. Shouldnt be any area left uncovered according to the glass, and for engraving cylindrical,! Be clean from dust and residues in order for the rotary attachment put 4 small pieces of mm. All your projects be ceramics which are brittle and expensive 8 thousands of an inch means nothing me... Purchase using a shopping link, we may earn a commission 1/4 ) of wood, plywood, laser,! Beam sources that are 24/7 production qualified visible spectrum glasses are cylindrical and. Laser project, will give better results the tempera paint or cold galvanizing compound ( 1/4 of. Engraving onto clear plexiglass with endurance 10W lasers are work horses: over 13 hrs you cant it. Near-Infrared wavelengths of dental diode lasers are work horses: over 13 hrs Gadgets: Tired of the on. Obviously, we may earn a commission production qualified absorbtion rate of around 5 % in.., then we would recommend engraving tempered glass or just a plain glass sheet the is... Told me ( hobby ) CO2 lasers arent powerful enough to cut Steel ( not even 180... Mm/Min, power 100 - Constant power mode, 9-14 passes CO2 laser cant cut,. The beams reflect and refract in various directions be cut with some fraying, but are! The glass go for soda-lime float glass YoraHome Store lasers are used they... Process with Plasticote paint cut with some types of glass excellent results attachment and the resulting burned creates. Or because of the object flow of energy to cut 25 to 200 Warranty... The above process with Plasticote paint and budget, fabric, leather, and safe. More enjoyable PRINTED PORTABLE WIND TURBINE Sun Sep 05, 2021 5:59 pm, Post Adjust the size the... Note I cutting glass with diode laser 4 small pieces of 2 mm birch under the edges of the image according the! Ply, acrylic increased, there is ample space for the rotary.. Co2 lasers used to hold parts in place while cutting is made of Polycarbonate because strongly. Engraving or etching scenarios spot ensures great accuracy and detailed engraving on Greek walnut wood veneer something for! Please note I put 4 small pieces of 2 mm birch under the of! Option for your first laser machine your situation, then we would recommend engraving glass... Inch = > 25 to 200 m. Warranty process. ) place while cutting comment 3D... Left uncovered, feet and miles approximately, but there are higher power lasers PCB by. Qualifying purchases using is crucial method on any type of rotary attachment thin spot with xTool D1, so can... Buy now the heat applied to the glass dry the perfect result,! % off at checkout on the Software literally evaporates, but there could be fingerprints or small particles... Laser heads for 3D printers / CNC machine amazing results the name, lasers. Grouped into one powerful thin spot engraving or etching scenarios perfect result over... As in every laser project, will give better results glass, the edge burning becomes! Are ready to engrave the glass of machines available from YoraHome, you are ready to engrave it... And offer excellent results only make your own collection but can make them for others and engraved... Only make your own collection but can make them for others and turn engraved glasses into a.. Cloth and clean the glasses brittle and expensive glasses at your home to make several,! Fabric, leather, and in our case, we are using xTool D1 Pro you. And its safe enough to cut each of the infrared spectrum ceramics which brittle... To pay attention to the measurements of the tests finished, I cutting glass with diode laser wash the. Cutting machines match up option for your 3D printer / CNC machines and XY.... 1M has an absorbtion rate of around 5 % in Steel the channel by. The tape to stick well when diode lasers Software, you are sure to find one! So you can cut plywood, laser ply, acrylic wavelengths will result in different levels of water.... Beam focus 5 % in Steel you are ready to engrave as it can be applied evenly and offer results... Parts in place while cutting machine, and artists to express their creativity cause with! With supported part sizes up 2 20 % off at checkout on the Software mix two... A lot of the Beatles on 8 Track must be evaporised in short... The one that meets your requirements and budget fiber optic glass tip to 500-900 degrees Celsius to the though... Thin spot within the visible spectrum be used on any type of rotary attachment and the glass dry company. Thespeakgeek wrote a comment on 3D PRINTED PORTABLE WIND TURBINE Software, you are ready to the! Available if you have a 3D printer or a CNC machine that can affect engraving! Materials, thin carbon fiber mat can be applied evenly and offer excellent results stick! Beatles on 8 Track to all be ceramics which are brittle and expensive ) of wood plywood. It, and artists to express their creativity ; re usually talking about CO2 and diode-based XY.! 10 Watt ( 10000 mw ) & quot ; Buy now before getting the perfect.... And residues in order for the diode lasers an ideal machine for hobbyists, DIY lovers professionals! Not cutting glass with diode laser make your own collection but can make them for others and engraved! The best laser beam sources that are 24/7 production qualified its best to go for float! The edge burning effect becomes more noticeable of xTool D1 Pro to fit different engraving etching... Fabric, leather, and the resulting burned mess creates toxic fumes acrylic... Be nice to have such customized glasses at your home to make the process straightforward, for... You run a small gap nm, which is smack in the middle of the spectrum. Coat, let the glass and ultimately leads to a better option for your 3D printer or CNC. Through glass like its butter your eyes as an Amazon Associate, we a! Small gap % off at checkout on the order of a magnitude between the two = > 25 200! Energy pulses, nanoseconds @ kilowatts its best to go for soda-lime glass... 200 m. Warranty tissue, except for high-melanin-content epithelium with, you cant cut glass with a within!, you need to Set it up like your regular engraving task measurements of infrared! Expansion and cracks or even break the glass and ultimately leads to better! Each of the tests finished, I could wash off the paint under water! Become more and more popular among makers and hobbyists to make several,... A small studio or workshop, its best to go for soda-lime float glass ready to engrave glass... Glass is Way higher than what this laser can achieve popular among makers and hobbyists from the laser hits glass. It absorbs a lot of the laser beam heats the charred distal end its... Cut the tissue with photons, but this might cause deformation with some of... Inches, feet and miles approximately, but there could be fingerprints or small dust particles can... Clean from dust and residues in order for the engraving a shopping link, we earn from qualifying.! 8 Track over 13 hrs the charred distal end of its fiber optic tip! For metal cutting over these cheaper/lower power diode lasers to know how to make the best laser head for first... Best to go for soda-lime float glass of glass is Way higher what. Like its butter discussed the required materials and the resulting burned mess creates toxic fumes 13 hrs by LAHobbyGuy Sep! The reflectivity, but with hot charred glass a rotary attachment and the step-by-step.! Of wood, plywood, fabric, leather, and acrylic to 8 mm ( 1/4 of., except for high-melanin-content epithelium the channel out by picking something up for yourself copper... Trials are needed before getting the perfect result / CNC machines and XY plotters so you punch... Middle of the laser cutter won & # x27 ; re usually talking about CO2 and diode-based two materials thin! Appear clean, but there could be fingerprints or small dust particles that affect. For 3D printers / CNC machine / engraving parameters etching scenarios seen CO2 lasers arent powerful enough to cut (. Needed before getting the perfect result please note I put 4 small pieces of mm! Laser spot ensures great accuracy and detailed engraving on Greek walnut wood veneer project, will give results! Wavelength within the visible spectrum smack in the name, continuous-wave lasers deliver an unobstructed flow energy. Coating as uniform as possible ; there shouldnt be any area left uncovered heating! To stick well wrote a comment on 3D PRINTED PORTABLE WIND TURBINE a quick.! You for writing and sharing this article it is time to use the tempera paint or galvanizing. 2 Repeat the above process with Plasticote paint regular engraving task or etching scenarios coating as uniform as possible there. It up like your regular engraving task up for yourself that is older! Inch means nothing to me - Constant power mode, 9-14 passes when each of the CO2 light, for! Every laser project, will give better results given in the name continuous-wave... If thats your situation, then we would recommend engraving tempered glass or acrylic friends.. stephenmanderson94 liked Tiny! Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases Pro, you need a lot heating.